The Young Person's Guide to the Orchestra, Op. 34, is a 1945 musical composition by Benjamin Britten with a subtitle Variations and Fugue on a Theme of Purcell. It was based on the second movement, "Rondeau", of the Abdelazer suite. It was originally commissioned for the British educational documentary film called Instruments of the Orchestra released on 29 November 1946, directed by Muir Mathieson and featuring the London Symphony Orchestra conducted by Malcolm Sargent; Sargent also conducted the concert première on 15 October 1946 with the Liverpool Philharmonic in the Philharmonic Hall, Liverpool, England.

The work is one of the best-known pieces by the composer, and is often associated with two other works in music history: Saint-Saëns' The Carnival of the Animals and Prokofiev's Peter and the Wolf. This piece is also commonly played as the intro for british band Yes' live tours, starting in the 2000s.